Toeless and reversible DNA strand displacement based on Hoogsteen-bond triplex

Strand displacement reaction is a crucial component in the assembly of diverse DNA-based nanodevices, with toehold-mediated strand representing prevailing strategy. However, single-stranded Watson-Crick sticky region that serves as trigger for can also cause leakage reactions by introducing crosstalk complex DNA circuits. Here, we proposed toeless and reversible based on Hoogsteen-bond triplex, which compatible most existing We demonstrated our occur at pH 5 be reversed 9. observed an approximately linear relationship between degree within range 5–6, providing potential precise regulation reaction. Meanwhile, altering sequence orientation, have initiated or regulated through same mechanism without requirement protonation low conditions. Based principle, further constructed variety including two types logic gates rely 5/pH 9 changes initiating reversing: AND gate OR gate. successfully Walker modes, move along given track after introduction programmable complete cycle 4 steps. Our findings suggest this innovative approach will broad utility development circuits, molecular sensors, other biological systems.